God is not incomprehensible; rather, we are uncomprehending.
When we say “God is mysterious,” we are not talking about God but about ourselves.
We must be very, very clear on this. God is not somehow intrinsically unknowable. If we wanted to list off a series of God’s attributes, we could say He is good, infinite, all-knowing, all-powerful; but we could not say “He is mysterious” in the same way. We could say “He is mysterious to us,” but that is a very different claim.
A good way to see this distinction is by asking this: “Does God find Himself mysterious?” God almost certainly has perfect self-knowledge. God considers Himself omniscient and omnipotent, but not mysterious.
What we really mean when we say “He is mysterious,” is “we have to think really hard about things to understand them, and there are parts of God we still don’t understand.” Perhaps we might even mean “There are parts of God which, given our current brains, we cannot fully comprehend” but this does not make God incomprehensible. He comprehends Himself just fine. It makes us uncomprehending.
There is a difference here which lies deeper than mere semantics. There is a temptation to say we worship God “for His mystery.” When we look closely, however, what we are saying is “we worship God because we can’t understand Him.”
This is wrong. God’s glory is not increased by our inability to understand Him. This implies that, the more we get to know Him, the less we’ll like Him, when we know it works the other way.
Now, we might argue that we are partially worshiping God for his infinite nature, and it is because He is infinite that we will never fully understand Him. This is quite true – as finite beings, we cannot ever fully comprehend our God, although we can eternally grow in our knowledge of Him. It is also quite legitimate to worship God because He is infinite.
However, it is a mistake to worship Him for the fact that this infinite nature makes him incomprehensible to us. What one human being ever fully comprehended God? Jesus Christ, who said “the Father knows me and I know the Father” (John 10). And what one human being loved God more than any other? His Son. If we could fully comprehend God – if we were infinite as well – we would love Him more, not less.
We worship God in spite of our uncomprehending natures, not because of them. We should mourn our ignorance and the fetters it puts on our worship, and seek constantly to break free of them. Our lack of understanding of God does not somehow put us in deeper awe of Him. The deeper we plumb His depths, the more we understand that they are truly infinite. We will never fully comprehend God, but as we learn more our awe will increase, not decrease.